Niger State · Nigeria · 9.62° N · 6.55° E
Solar position in Minna
Sun position, daylight and the best solar panel angle for Minna — computed for 9.62° N, 6.55° E, 243 m above sea level.
The sun right now
Sun in Minna today
Saturday, 24 October 2026 · local time UTC+1
| Event | Time | Direction / height |
|---|---|---|
| Astronomical dawn | 05:11 | sun 18° below horizon |
| Nautical dawn | 05:36 | 12° below |
| Civil dawn | 06:01 | 6° below |
| Sunrise | 06:22 | 102° ESE |
| Golden hour ends | 06:51 | sun 6° up |
| Solar noon | 12:17 | 68.5° high |
| Golden hour starts | 17:44 | sun 6° up |
| Sunset | 18:13 | 258° WSW |
| Civil dusk | 18:34 | 6° below |
| Nautical dusk | 18:59 | 12° below |
| Astronomical dusk | 19:24 | 18° below |
| Day length | 11 h 51 min | |
Sun path diagram for Minna
Where the sun stands in the sky: the centre is straight overhead, the outer ring is the horizon. Numbers mark local clock hours.
- June solstice
- Equinox
- December solstice
- Today
On the June solstice the sun reaches 76.2° at solar noon in Minna; on the December solstice only 57.0°. Sunrise swings from 66° ENE in June to 114° ESE in December — a 48° arc along the horizon.
Sunrise, sunset and sun height by month
Values for the 21st of each month, local clock time including daylight saving time.
| Month | Sunrise | Solar noon | Sunset | Day length | Noon elevation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| January | 06:55 | 12:45 | 18:34 | 11 h 39 min | 60.6° |
| February | 06:51 | 12:47 | 18:43 | 11 h 52 min | 69.9° |
| March | 06:37 | 12:40 | 18:44 | 12 h 07 min | 80.7° |
| April | 06:20 | 12:32 | 18:44 | 12 h 23 min | 87.7° |
| May | 06:12 | 12:30 | 18:48 | 12 h 36 min | 79.4° |
| June | 06:15 | 12:35 | 18:56 | 12 h 41 min | 76.2° |
| July | 06:22 | 12:40 | 18:58 | 12 h 36 min | 79.2° |
| August | 06:25 | 12:36 | 18:48 | 12 h 23 min | 87.6° |
| September | 06:23 | 12:26 | 18:30 | 12 h 07 min | 81.0° |
| October | 06:22 | 12:18 | 18:14 | 11 h 52 min | 69.6° |
| November | 06:30 | 12:19 | 18:09 | 11 h 39 min | 60.4° |
| December | 06:44 | 12:31 | 18:18 | 11 h 34 min | 57.0° |
A year of daylight in Minna
Each column is one day of 2026. Bright: sun above the horizon; soft: civil twilight; line: solar noon. Steps are daylight saving time changes.
Best solar panel angle in Minna
Fixed array facing south (azimuth 180°). Energy per kWp from NASA POWER monthly climate, including clouds, temperature and snow reflection.
12°collects the most energy over a year: 1547 kWh per kWp.
0°gives the most in the darkest month — the one an off-grid system is sized for.
- Yearly energy
- Worst-month energy
| Tilt | kWh/kWp per year | Share of best year | August kWh/kWp/day | Best ÷ worst month |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0° off-grid best | 1521 | 98% | 3.31 | 1.4× |
| 10° = latitude | 1546 | 100% | 3.24 | 1.5× |
| 12° year-round best | 1547 | 100% | 3.21 | 1.5× |
| 15° | 1545 | 100% | 3.17 | 1.6× |
| 30° | 1486 | 96% | 2.88 | 1.8× |
| 45° | 1349 | 87% | 2.45 | 2.2× |
| 60° | 1145 | 74% | 1.91 | 2.8× |
| 70° | 983 | 64% | 1.53 | 3.4× |
| 90° | 684 | 44% | 1.04 | 3.3× |
A fixed array in Minna produces the most over a year at 12°. The design month for an off-grid system is August: at 0° it makes 3.31 kWh per kWp a day, 3% more than at 12°, and costs 2% of the yearly total. Why steep panels win winter.
Off-grid solar in Minna at 70°
Daily energy of 1 kWp by month. Bars: panels at 70°. Line: panels at 12° (year-round best).
| Month | Sun hours, flat | Sun hours at 70° | kWh/kWp/day at 70° | at 12° | Mean temp. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| January | 5.33 | 4.91 | 4.05 | 4.62 | 24.2 °C |
| February | 5.48 | 4.21 | 3.42 | 4.53 | 27.0 °C |
| March | 5.81 | 3.59 | 2.89 | 4.63 | 28.9 °C |
| April | 5.84 | 2.67 | 2.13 | 4.49 | 28.8 °C |
| May | 5.55 | 1.95 | 1.54 | 4.17 | 27.4 °C |
| June | 5.05 | 1.72 | 1.35 | 3.77 | 26.1 °C |
| July | 4.52 | 1.69 | 1.34 | 3.41 | 25.2 °C |
| August | 4.16 | 1.91 | 1.53 | 3.21 | 24.8 °C |
| September | 4.84 | 2.72 | 2.21 | 3.85 | 25.3 °C |
| October | 5.39 | 3.84 | 3.14 | 4.45 | 25.8 °C |
| November | 5.72 | 5.21 | 4.27 | 4.95 | 25.3 °C |
| December | 5.42 | 5.46 | 4.50 | 4.80 | 24.0 °C |
| Year | 5.26 avg | 3.32 avg | 983 kWh | 1547 kWh |
Sizing example. To run a 1 kWh-per-day load through July on LiFePO4 batteries (charge controller, battery and inverter losses included) you need about 880 Wp of panels at 70°, versus 370 Wp at 12°. Here the lower tilt is the better winter choice — the sun stays high enough. Size your own system.
Row spacing in Minna
Distance between rows of 2 m long panels (slope length) so that no row shades the next between 10:00 and 14:00 solar time on the winter solstice.
2.1 mrow pitch at 70°
2.3 mrow pitch at 12°
How Minna compares in Nigeria
Against the other 267 places in Nigeria with climate data, for a fixed array at its best angle.
92ndof 268 places in Nigeria for sunshine: 5.26 peak sun hours a day on flat ground.
+4%solar energy a year compared with the average place in Nigeria: 1,546 against 1,489 kWh per kWp.
+11 mindaylight on the longest day, compared with Lagos: 12 h 41 min against 12 h 30 min.
12°best year-round tilt here; across Nigeria it runs from 7° in Port Harcourt to 15° in Gamboru.
Of the 268 places in Nigeria, Kumagunnam and one other place get the most sun (6.17 peak sun hours a day) and Bonny the least (4.14); Minna ranks 92nd. In its darkest month, July, 1 kWp of off-grid panels at 70° makes 1.34 kWh a day here, against 1.26 kWh on average in Nigeria. The shortest day lasts 11 h 34 min, −11 min compared with Lagos.
Solar forecast for Minna, next 48 hours
Expected output of 1 kWp at 70°, computed from the ICON-EU weather model of the Deutscher Wetterdienst (DWD), Europe.
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Questions about the sun in Minna
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Places near Minna
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A free, live card for Minna: where the sun is right now on today's path, a countdown to sunset or sunrise, the daylight change, the moon phase at night and the best panel angle.
Sun positions: NREL Solar Position Algorithm. Climate: NASA POWER monthly climatology (NASA Langley Research Center). Forecast: Deutscher Wetterdienst, ICON-EU (CC BY 4.0), processed. Places: GeoNames (CC BY 4.0). Time zones: IANA. Sources and licences.