Ségou · Mali · 13.30° N · 4.90° W
Solar position in San
Sun position, daylight and the best solar panel angle for San — computed for 13.30° N, 4.90° W, 277 m above sea level.
The sun right now
Sun in San today
Saturday, 24 October 2026 · local time UTC
| Event | Time | Direction / height |
|---|---|---|
| Astronomical dawn | 04:59 | sun 18° below horizon |
| Nautical dawn | 05:24 | 12° below |
| Civil dawn | 05:49 | 6° below |
| Sunrise | 06:11 | 102° ESE |
| Golden hour ends | 06:40 | sun 6° up |
| Solar noon | 12:03 | 64.9° high |
| Golden hour starts | 17:26 | sun 6° up |
| Sunset | 17:55 | 258° WSW |
| Civil dusk | 18:17 | 6° below |
| Nautical dusk | 18:42 | 12° below |
| Astronomical dusk | 19:07 | 18° below |
| Day length | 11 h 44 min | |
Sun path diagram for San
Where the sun stands in the sky: the centre is straight overhead, the outer ring is the horizon. Numbers mark local clock hours.
- June solstice
- Equinox
- December solstice
- Today
On the June solstice the sun reaches 79.9° at solar noon in San; on the December solstice only 53.3°. Sunrise swings from 66° ENE in June to 114° ESE in December — a 48° arc along the horizon.
Sunrise, sunset and sun height by month
Values for the 21st of each month, local clock time including daylight saving time.
| Month | Sunrise | Solar noon | Sunset | Day length | Noon elevation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| January | 06:46 | 12:30 | 18:15 | 11 h 28 min | 56.9° |
| February | 06:39 | 12:33 | 18:26 | 11 h 47 min | 66.3° |
| March | 06:23 | 12:26 | 18:30 | 12 h 07 min | 77.1° |
| April | 06:03 | 12:18 | 18:33 | 12 h 30 min | 88.7° |
| May | 05:52 | 12:16 | 18:39 | 12 h 47 min | 83.1° |
| June | 05:54 | 12:21 | 18:48 | 12 h 55 min | 79.9° |
| July | 06:02 | 12:26 | 18:49 | 12 h 48 min | 82.9° |
| August | 06:07 | 12:22 | 18:37 | 12 h 30 min | 88.7° |
| September | 06:08 | 12:12 | 18:16 | 12 h 08 min | 77.3° |
| October | 06:11 | 12:04 | 17:57 | 11 h 46 min | 65.9° |
| November | 06:21 | 12:05 | 17:49 | 11 h 28 min | 56.7° |
| December | 06:37 | 12:17 | 17:57 | 11 h 21 min | 53.3° |
A year of daylight in San
Each column is one day of 2026. Bright: sun above the horizon; soft: civil twilight; line: solar noon. Steps are daylight saving time changes.
Best solar panel angle in San
Fixed array facing south (azimuth 180°). Energy per kWp from NASA POWER monthly climate, including clouds, temperature and snow reflection.
15°collects the most energy over a year: 1761 kWh per kWp.
1°gives the most in the darkest month — the one an off-grid system is sized for.
- Yearly energy
- Worst-month energy
| Tilt | kWh/kWp per year | Share of best year | July kWh/kWp/day | Best ÷ worst month |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0° | 1713 | 97% | 4.58 | 1.2× |
| 1° off-grid best | 1719 | 98% | 4.57 | 1.1× |
| 13° = latitude | 1760 | 100% | 4.32 | 1.2× |
| 15° year-round best | 1761 | 100% | 4.26 | 1.2× |
| 30° | 1711 | 97% | 3.71 | 1.5× |
| 45° | 1566 | 89% | 2.96 | 1.9× |
| 60° | 1338 | 76% | 2.11 | 2.6× |
| 70° | 1152 | 65% | 1.55 | 3.3× |
| 90° | 789 | 45% | 1.13 | 3.7× |
A fixed array in San produces the most over a year at 15°. The design month for an off-grid system is July: at 1° it makes 4.57 kWh per kWp a day, 7% more than at 15°, and costs 2% of the yearly total. Why steep panels win winter.
Off-grid solar in San at 70°
Daily energy of 1 kWp by month. Bars: panels at 70°. Line: panels at 15° (year-round best).
| Month | Sun hours, flat | Sun hours at 70° | kWh/kWp/day at 70° | at 15° | Mean temp. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| January | 5.57 | 5.78 | 4.78 | 5.10 | 22.8 °C |
| February | 6.13 | 5.19 | 4.24 | 5.27 | 26.4 °C |
| March | 6.48 | 4.25 | 3.41 | 5.21 | 30.1 °C |
| April | 6.48 | 3.13 | 2.47 | 4.89 | 32.9 °C |
| May | 6.32 | 2.34 | 1.82 | 4.59 | 33.1 °C |
| June | 5.99 | 2.03 | 1.58 | 4.33 | 30.5 °C |
| July | 5.81 | 1.96 | 1.55 | 4.26 | 27.9 °C |
| August | 5.60 | 2.37 | 1.89 | 4.27 | 26.5 °C |
| September | 5.95 | 3.41 | 2.77 | 4.76 | 26.7 °C |
| October | 5.98 | 4.61 | 3.74 | 5.02 | 27.7 °C |
| November | 5.73 | 5.66 | 4.63 | 5.12 | 25.8 °C |
| December | 5.50 | 6.12 | 5.05 | 5.12 | 23.2 °C |
| Year | 5.96 avg | 3.90 avg | 1152 kWh | 1761 kWh |
Sizing example. To run a 1 kWh-per-day load through July on LiFePO4 batteries (charge controller, battery and inverter losses included) you need about 760 Wp of panels at 70°, versus 280 Wp at 15°. Here the lower tilt is the better winter choice — the sun stays high enough. Size your own system.
Row spacing in San
Distance between rows of 2 m long panels (slope length) so that no row shades the next between 10:00 and 14:00 solar time on the winter solstice.
2.3 mrow pitch at 70°
2.4 mrow pitch at 15°
How San compares in Mali
Against the other 59 places in Mali with climate data, for a fixed array at its best angle.
26thof 60 places in Mali for sunshine, shared: 5.96 peak sun hours a day on flat ground.
±0%solar energy a year compared with the average place in Mali: 1,761 against 1,757 kWh per kWp.
+3 mindaylight on the longest day, compared with Bamako: 12 h 55 min against 12 h 52 min.
15°best year-round tilt here; across Mali it runs from 12° in Massiogo to 19° in Kidal.
Of the 60 places in Mali, Bourem gets the most sun (6.38 peak sun hours a day) and Massiogo the least (5.57); San ranks joint 26th. In its darkest month, July, 1 kWp of off-grid panels at 70° makes 1.55 kWh a day here, against 1.57 kWh on average in Mali. The shortest day lasts 11 h 21 min, −2 min compared with Bamako.
Solar forecast for San, next 48 hours
Expected output of 1 kWp at 70°, computed from the ICON-EU weather model of the Deutscher Wetterdienst (DWD), Europe.
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Questions about the sun in San
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Places near San
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A free, live card for San: where the sun is right now on today's path, a countdown to sunset or sunrise, the daylight change, the moon phase at night and the best panel angle.
Sun positions: NREL Solar Position Algorithm. Climate: NASA POWER monthly climatology (NASA Langley Research Center). Forecast: Deutscher Wetterdienst, ICON-EU (CC BY 4.0), processed. Places: GeoNames (CC BY 4.0). Time zones: IANA. Sources and licences.