Sicily · Italy · 38.12° N · 13.36° E
Solar position in Palermo
Sun position, daylight and the best solar panel angle for Palermo — computed for 38.12° N, 13.36° E, 14 m above sea level.
The sun right now
Sun in Palermo today
Saturday, 24 October 2026 · local time UTC+2
| Event | Time | Direction / height |
|---|---|---|
| Astronomical dawn | 05:55 | sun 18° below horizon |
| Nautical dawn | 06:26 | 12° below |
| Civil dawn | 06:57 | 6° below |
| Sunrise | 07:24 | 104° ESE |
| Golden hour ends | 08:00 | sun 6° up |
| Solar noon | 12:50 | 40.1° high |
| Golden hour starts | 17:40 | sun 6° up |
| Sunset | 18:16 | 255° WSW |
| Civil dusk | 18:43 | 6° below |
| Nautical dusk | 19:14 | 12° below |
| Astronomical dusk | 19:45 | 18° below |
| Day length | 10 h 53 min | |
Sun path diagram for Palermo
Where the sun stands in the sky: the centre is straight overhead, the outer ring is the horizon. Numbers mark local clock hours.
- June solstice
- Equinox
- December solstice
- Today
On the June solstice the sun reaches 75.3° at solar noon in Palermo; on the December solstice only 28.5°. Sunrise swings from 59° ENE in June to 120° ESE in December — a 61° arc along the horizon.
Sunrise, sunset and sun height by month
Values for the 21st of each month, local clock time including daylight saving time.
| Month | Sunrise | Solar noon | Sunset | Day length | Noon elevation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| January | 07:19 | 12:17 | 17:16 | 9 h 58 min | 32.1° |
| February | 06:49 | 12:20 | 17:51 | 11 h 02 min | 41.4° |
| March | 06:08 | 12:13 | 18:19 | 12 h 10 min | 52.2° |
| April | 06:23 | 13:05 | 19:48 | 13 h 25 min | 63.8° |
| May | 05:51 | 13:03 | 20:15 | 14 h 24 min | 72.1° |
| June | 05:43 | 13:08 | 20:32 | 14 h 49 min | 75.3° |
| July | 06:00 | 13:12 | 20:25 | 14 h 25 min | 72.3° |
| August | 06:26 | 13:09 | 19:52 | 13 h 26 min | 63.9° |
| September | 06:53 | 12:59 | 19:05 | 12 h 12 min | 52.5° |
| October | 07:20 | 12:50 | 18:20 | 11 h 00 min | 41.1° |
| November | 06:53 | 11:52 | 16:50 | 9 h 57 min | 31.9° |
| December | 07:19 | 12:04 | 16:50 | 9 h 31 min | 28.5° |
A year of daylight in Palermo
Each column is one day of 2026. Bright: sun above the horizon; soft: civil twilight; line: solar noon. Steps are daylight saving time changes.
Best solar panel angle in Palermo
Fixed array facing south (azimuth 180°). Energy per kWp from NASA POWER monthly climate, including clouds, temperature and snow reflection.
30°collects the most energy over a year: 1590 kWh per kWp.
62°gives the most in the darkest month — the one an off-grid system is sized for.
- Yearly energy
- Worst-month energy
| Tilt | kWh/kWp per year | Share of best year | December kWh/kWp/day | Best ÷ worst month |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0° | 1402 | 88% | 1.53 | 4.0× |
| 15° | 1541 | 97% | 2.11 | 2.9× |
| 30° year-round best | 1590 | 100% | 2.56 | 2.2× |
| 38° = latitude | 1578 | 99% | 2.74 | 2.0× |
| 45° | 1546 | 97% | 2.85 | 1.8× |
| 60° | 1414 | 89% | 2.97 | 1.5× |
| 62° off-grid best | 1390 | 87% | 2.97 | 1.4× |
| 70° | 1281 | 81% | 2.94 | 1.3× |
| 90° | 933 | 59% | 2.65 | 1.9× |
A fixed array in Palermo produces the most over a year at 30°. The design month for an off-grid system is December: at 62° it makes 2.97 kWh per kWp a day, 16% more than at 30°, and costs 13% of the yearly total. Why steep panels win winter.
Off-grid solar in Palermo at 70°
Daily energy of 1 kWp by month. Bars: panels at 70°. Line: panels at 30° (year-round best).
| Month | Sun hours, flat | Sun hours at 70° | kWh/kWp/day at 70° | at 30° | Mean temp. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| January | 2.20 | 3.63 | 3.14 | 2.81 | 11.6 °C |
| February | 3.06 | 4.07 | 3.52 | 3.50 | 11.2 °C |
| March | 4.34 | 4.54 | 3.91 | 4.40 | 12.7 °C |
| April | 5.61 | 4.40 | 3.75 | 5.00 | 14.9 °C |
| May | 6.81 | 4.14 | 3.47 | 5.46 | 18.2 °C |
| June | 7.54 | 3.90 | 3.21 | 5.62 | 22.5 °C |
| July | 7.62 | 4.13 | 3.36 | 5.71 | 25.7 °C |
| August | 6.70 | 4.63 | 3.77 | 5.48 | 26.2 °C |
| September | 5.02 | 4.73 | 3.90 | 4.68 | 23.4 °C |
| October | 3.67 | 4.58 | 3.83 | 3.94 | 20.3 °C |
| November | 2.51 | 3.91 | 3.31 | 3.05 | 16.6 °C |
| December | 1.94 | 3.42 | 2.94 | 2.56 | 13.1 °C |
| Year | 4.76 avg | 4.17 avg | 1281 kWh | 1590 kWh |
Sizing example. To run a 1 kWh-per-day load through December on LiFePO4 batteries (charge controller, battery and inverter losses included) you need about 400 Wp of panels at 70°, versus 460 Wp at 30°. The steep array is 13% smaller for the same winter. Size your own system.
Row spacing in Palermo
Distance between rows of 2 m long panels (slope length) so that no row shades the next between 10:00 and 14:00 solar time on the winter solstice.
4.7 mrow pitch at 70°
3.8 mrow pitch at 30°
How Palermo compares in Italy
Against the other 596 places in Italy with climate data, for a fixed array at its best angle.
37thof 597 places in Italy for sunshine, shared: 4.76 peak sun hours a day on flat ground.
+9%solar energy a year compared with the average place in Italy: 1,590 against 1,452 kWh per kWp.
−25 mindaylight on the longest day, compared with Rome: 14 h 49 min against 15 h 14 min.
30°best year-round tilt here; across Italy it runs from 30° in Palermo to 42° in Bolzano.
Of the 597 places in Italy, Pozzallo and one other place get the most sun (4.91 peak sun hours a day) and Bressanone the least (3.51); Palermo ranks joint 37th. In its darkest month, December, 1 kWp of off-grid panels at 70° makes 2.94 kWh a day here, against 2.63 kWh on average in Italy. The shortest day lasts 9 h 31 min, +23 min compared with Rome.
Solar forecast for Palermo, next 48 hours
Expected output of 1 kWp at 70°, computed from the ICON-EU weather model of the Deutscher Wetterdienst (DWD), Europe.
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Questions about the sun in Palermo
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Places near Palermo
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A free, live card for Palermo: where the sun is right now on today's path, a countdown to sunset or sunrise, the daylight change, the moon phase at night and the best panel angle.
Sun positions: NREL Solar Position Algorithm. Climate: NASA POWER monthly climatology (NASA Langley Research Center). Forecast: Deutscher Wetterdienst, ICON-EU (CC BY 4.0), processed. Places: GeoNames (CC BY 4.0). Time zones: IANA. Sources and licences.