Manisa · Turkey · 38.55° N · 28.65° E
Solar position in Kula
Sun position, daylight and the best solar panel angle for Kula — computed for 38.55° N, 28.65° E, 671 m above sea level.
The sun right now
Sun in Kula today
Saturday, 24 October 2026 · local time UTC+3
| Event | Time | Direction / height |
|---|---|---|
| Astronomical dawn | 05:54 | sun 18° below horizon |
| Nautical dawn | 06:25 | 12° below |
| Civil dawn | 06:56 | 6° below |
| Sunrise | 07:23 | 104° ESE |
| Golden hour ends | 08:00 | sun 6° up |
| Solar noon | 12:49 | 39.6° high |
| Golden hour starts | 17:38 | sun 6° up |
| Sunset | 18:15 | 255° WSW |
| Civil dusk | 18:42 | 6° below |
| Nautical dusk | 19:13 | 12° below |
| Astronomical dusk | 19:44 | 18° below |
| Day length | 10 h 52 min | |
Sun path diagram for Kula
Where the sun stands in the sky: the centre is straight overhead, the outer ring is the horizon. Numbers mark local clock hours.
- June solstice
- Equinox
- December solstice
- Today
On the June solstice the sun reaches 74.9° at solar noon in Kula; on the December solstice only 28.0°. Sunrise swings from 59° ENE in June to 120° ESE in December — a 61° arc along the horizon.
Sunrise, sunset and sun height by month
Values for the 21st of each month, local clock time including daylight saving time.
| Month | Sunrise | Solar noon | Sunset | Day length | Noon elevation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| January | 08:18 | 13:16 | 18:14 | 9 h 56 min | 31.6° |
| February | 07:48 | 13:19 | 18:49 | 11 h 01 min | 41.0° |
| March | 07:07 | 13:12 | 19:18 | 12 h 10 min | 51.8° |
| April | 06:21 | 13:04 | 19:47 | 13 h 26 min | 63.4° |
| May | 05:49 | 13:02 | 20:15 | 14 h 26 min | 71.7° |
| June | 05:41 | 13:07 | 20:33 | 14 h 52 min | 74.9° |
| July | 05:57 | 13:11 | 20:25 | 14 h 28 min | 71.9° |
| August | 06:24 | 13:08 | 19:51 | 13 h 27 min | 63.5° |
| September | 06:52 | 12:58 | 19:04 | 12 h 12 min | 52.1° |
| October | 07:20 | 12:49 | 18:19 | 10 h 59 min | 40.7° |
| November | 07:53 | 12:51 | 17:48 | 9 h 55 min | 31.5° |
| December | 08:19 | 13:03 | 17:47 | 9 h 28 min | 28.0° |
A year of daylight in Kula
Each column is one day of 2026. Bright: sun above the horizon; soft: civil twilight; line: solar noon. Steps are daylight saving time changes.
Best solar panel angle in Kula
Fixed array facing south (azimuth 180°). Energy per kWp from NASA POWER monthly climate, including clouds, temperature and snow reflection.
32°collects the most energy over a year: 1641 kWh per kWp.
63°gives the most in the darkest month — the one an off-grid system is sized for.
- Yearly energy
- Worst-month energy
| Tilt | kWh/kWp per year | Share of best year | December kWh/kWp/day | Best ÷ worst month |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0° | 1427 | 87% | 1.57 | 4.0× |
| 15° | 1580 | 96% | 2.23 | 2.8× |
| 30° | 1640 | 100% | 2.75 | 2.1× |
| 32° year-round best | 1641 | 100% | 2.80 | 2.1× |
| 39° = latitude | 1630 | 99% | 2.97 | 1.9× |
| 45° | 1604 | 98% | 3.09 | 1.7× |
| 60° | 1474 | 90% | 3.23 | 1.5× |
| 63° off-grid best | 1437 | 88% | 3.23 | 1.5× |
| 70° | 1340 | 82% | 3.21 | 1.4× |
| 90° | 984 | 60% | 2.91 | 2.1× |
A fixed array in Kula produces the most over a year at 32°. The design month for an off-grid system is December: at 63° it makes 3.23 kWh per kWp a day, 15% more than at 32°, and costs 12% of the yearly total. Why steep panels win winter.
Off-grid solar in Kula at 70°
Daily energy of 1 kWp by month. Bars: panels at 70°. Line: panels at 32° (year-round best).
| Month | Sun hours, flat | Sun hours at 70° | kWh/kWp/day at 70° | at 32° | Mean temp. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| January | 2.12 | 3.62 | 3.24 | 2.92 | 2.8 °C |
| February | 2.83 | 3.75 | 3.33 | 3.34 | 4.3 °C |
| March | 4.13 | 4.33 | 3.80 | 4.29 | 7.5 °C |
| April | 5.43 | 4.27 | 3.69 | 4.88 | 11.6 °C |
| May | 6.58 | 4.06 | 3.42 | 5.26 | 16.9 °C |
| June | 7.51 | 3.90 | 3.22 | 5.53 | 21.9 °C |
| July | 7.90 | 4.22 | 3.43 | 5.81 | 25.8 °C |
| August | 7.01 | 4.85 | 3.95 | 5.71 | 26.2 °C |
| September | 5.54 | 5.38 | 4.47 | 5.33 | 21.4 °C |
| October | 3.89 | 5.10 | 4.35 | 4.44 | 15.3 °C |
| November | 2.65 | 4.51 | 3.94 | 3.58 | 9.3 °C |
| December | 1.94 | 3.61 | 3.21 | 2.80 | 4.5 °C |
| Year | 4.80 avg | 4.30 avg | 1340 kWh | 1641 kWh |
Sizing example. To run a 1 kWh-per-day load through December on LiFePO4 batteries (charge controller, battery and inverter losses included) you need about 370 Wp of panels at 70°, versus 420 Wp at 32°. The steep array is 13% smaller for the same winter. Size your own system.
Row spacing in Kula
Distance between rows of 2 m long panels (slope length) so that no row shades the next between 10:00 and 14:00 solar time on the winter solstice.
4.7 mrow pitch at 70°
4.0 mrow pitch at 32°
How Kula compares in Turkey
Against the other 415 places in Turkey with climate data, for a fixed array at its best angle.
180thof 416 places in Turkey for sunshine, shared: 4.81 peak sun hours a day on flat ground.
+5%solar energy a year compared with the average place in Turkey: 1,641 against 1,567 kWh per kWp.
−16 mindaylight on the longest day, compared with Istanbul: 14 h 52 min against 15 h 08 min.
32°best year-round tilt here; across Turkey it runs from 29° in Antakya to 36° in Ardahan.
Of the 416 places in Turkey, Sarigerme and 2 other places get the most sun (5.11 peak sun hours a day) and Hopa the least (3.80); Kula ranks joint 180th. In its darkest month, December, 1 kWp of off-grid panels at 70° makes 3.21 kWh a day here, against 2.84 kWh on average in Turkey. The shortest day lasts 9 h 28 min, +15 min compared with Istanbul.
Solar forecast for Kula, next 48 hours
Expected output of 1 kWp at 70°, computed from the ICON-EU weather model of the Deutscher Wetterdienst (DWD), Europe.
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Questions about the sun in Kula
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Places near Kula
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A free, live card for Kula: where the sun is right now on today's path, a countdown to sunset or sunrise, the daylight change, the moon phase at night and the best panel angle.
Sun positions: NREL Solar Position Algorithm. Climate: NASA POWER monthly climatology (NASA Langley Research Center). Forecast: Deutscher Wetterdienst, ICON-EU (CC BY 4.0), processed. Places: GeoNames (CC BY 4.0). Time zones: IANA. Sources and licences.