Songwe · Tanzania · 9.30° S · 32.77° E
Solar position in Tunduma
Sun position, daylight and the best solar panel angle for Tunduma — computed for 9.30° S, 32.77° E, 1698 m above sea level.
The sun right now
Sun in Tunduma today
Saturday, 24 October 2026 · local time UTC+3
| Event | Time | Direction / height |
|---|---|---|
| Astronomical dawn | 05:10 | sun 18° below horizon |
| Nautical dawn | 05:35 | 12° below |
| Civil dawn | 06:00 | 6° below |
| Sunrise | 06:21 | 102° ESE |
| Golden hour ends | 06:50 | sun 6° up |
| Solar noon | 12:33 | 87.5° high |
| Golden hour starts | 18:16 | sun 6° up |
| Sunset | 18:44 | 258° WSW |
| Civil dusk | 19:05 | 6° below |
| Nautical dusk | 19:30 | 12° below |
| Astronomical dusk | 19:56 | 18° below |
| Day length | 12 h 23 min | |
Sun path diagram for Tunduma
Where the sun stands in the sky: the centre is straight overhead, the outer ring is the horizon. Numbers mark local clock hours.
- June solstice
- Equinox
- December solstice
- Today
On the June solstice the sun reaches 57.3° at solar noon in Tunduma; on the December solstice only 75.9°. Sunrise swings from 66° ENE in June to 114° ESE in December — a 48° arc along the horizon.
Sunrise, sunset and sun height by month
Values for the 21st of each month, local clock time including daylight saving time.
| Month | Sunrise | Solar noon | Sunset | Day length | Noon elevation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| January | 06:42 | 13:00 | 19:17 | 12 h 34 min | 79.4° |
| February | 06:52 | 13:02 | 19:12 | 12 h 21 min | 88.8° |
| March | 06:52 | 12:56 | 18:59 | 12 h 06 min | 80.4° |
| April | 06:52 | 12:47 | 18:43 | 11 h 51 min | 68.8° |
| May | 06:55 | 12:45 | 18:35 | 11 h 40 min | 60.5° |
| June | 07:03 | 12:50 | 18:38 | 11 h 35 min | 57.3° |
| July | 07:05 | 12:55 | 18:45 | 11 h 39 min | 60.3° |
| August | 06:56 | 12:52 | 18:47 | 11 h 51 min | 68.7° |
| September | 06:39 | 12:42 | 18:44 | 12 h 06 min | 80.1° |
| October | 06:23 | 12:33 | 18:44 | 12 h 21 min | 88.5° |
| November | 06:17 | 12:34 | 18:52 | 12 h 35 min | 79.4° |
| December | 06:26 | 12:46 | 19:07 | 12 h 40 min | 75.9° |
A year of daylight in Tunduma
Each column is one day of 2026. Bright: sun above the horizon; soft: civil twilight; line: solar noon. Steps are daylight saving time changes.
Best solar panel angle in Tunduma
Fixed array facing north (azimuth 0°). Energy per kWp from NASA POWER monthly climate, including clouds, temperature and snow reflection.
13°collects the most energy over a year: 1750 kWh per kWp.
0°gives the most in the darkest month — the one an off-grid system is sized for.
- Yearly energy
- Worst-month energy
| Tilt | kWh/kWp per year | Share of best year | January kWh/kWp/day | Best ÷ worst month |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0° off-grid best | 1712 | 98% | 4.13 | 1.3× |
| 9° = latitude | 1746 | 100% | 3.97 | 1.4× |
| 13° year-round best | 1750 | 100% | 3.87 | 1.4× |
| 15° | 1749 | 100% | 3.82 | 1.4× |
| 30° | 1686 | 96% | 3.31 | 1.7× |
| 45° | 1528 | 87% | 2.65 | 2.2× |
| 60° | 1287 | 74% | 1.91 | 3.0× |
| 70° | 1095 | 63% | 1.45 | 3.7× |
| 90° | 739 | 42% | 1.17 | 3.9× |
A fixed array in Tunduma produces the most over a year at 13°. The design month for an off-grid system is January: at 0° it makes 4.13 kWh per kWp a day, 7% more than at 13°, and costs 2% of the yearly total. Why steep panels win winter.
Off-grid solar in Tunduma at 70°
Daily energy of 1 kWp by month. Bars: panels at 70°. Line: panels at 13° (year-round best).
| Month | Sun hours, flat | Sun hours at 70° | kWh/kWp/day at 70° | at 13° | Mean temp. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| January | 5.11 | 1.80 | 1.45 | 3.87 | 21.4 °C |
| February | 5.45 | 2.24 | 1.82 | 4.24 | 21.4 °C |
| March | 5.53 | 3.03 | 2.50 | 4.48 | 21.4 °C |
| April | 5.46 | 4.02 | 3.35 | 4.65 | 20.7 °C |
| May | 5.50 | 5.18 | 4.35 | 4.96 | 19.4 °C |
| June | 5.49 | 5.88 | 4.98 | 5.13 | 17.6 °C |
| July | 5.61 | 5.76 | 4.87 | 5.20 | 17.5 °C |
| August | 6.19 | 5.21 | 4.37 | 5.46 | 19.8 °C |
| September | 6.67 | 4.02 | 3.33 | 5.51 | 22.7 °C |
| October | 6.78 | 2.66 | 2.15 | 5.25 | 25.0 °C |
| November | 6.27 | 1.79 | 1.42 | 4.67 | 24.7 °C |
| December | 5.48 | 1.67 | 1.33 | 4.08 | 22.4 °C |
| Year | 5.80 avg | 3.61 avg | 1095 kWh | 1750 kWh |
Sizing example. To run a 1 kWh-per-day load through December on LiFePO4 batteries (charge controller, battery and inverter losses included) you need about 890 Wp of panels at 70°, versus 300 Wp at 13°. Here the lower tilt is the better winter choice — the sun stays high enough. Size your own system.
Row spacing in Tunduma
Distance between rows of 2 m long panels (slope length) so that no row shades the next between 10:00 and 14:00 solar time on the winter solstice.
2.0 mrow pitch at 70°
2.3 mrow pitch at 13°
How Tunduma compares in Tanzania
Against the other 222 places in Tanzania with climate data, for a fixed array at its best angle.
84thof 223 places in Tanzania for sunshine, shared: 5.80 peak sun hours a day on flat ground.
+4%solar energy a year compared with the average place in Tanzania: 1,750 against 1,677 kWh per kWp.
+9 mindaylight on the longest day, compared with Dar es Salaam: 12 h 40 min against 12 h 31 min.
13°best year-round tilt here; across Tanzania it runs from 1° in Arusha to 13° in Sumbawanga.
Of the 223 places in Tanzania, Shelui and one other place get the most sun (6.25 peak sun hours a day) and Katerero and one other place the least (4.97); Tunduma ranks joint 84th. In its darkest month, December, 1 kWp of off-grid panels at 70° makes 1.33 kWh a day here, against 1.14 kWh on average in Tanzania. The shortest day lasts 11 h 35 min, −9 min compared with Dar es Salaam.
Solar forecast for Tunduma, next 48 hours
Expected output of 1 kWp at 70°, computed from the ICON-EU weather model of the Deutscher Wetterdienst (DWD), Europe.
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Questions about the sun in Tunduma
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A free, live card for Tunduma: where the sun is right now on today's path, a countdown to sunset or sunrise, the daylight change, the moon phase at night and the best panel angle.
Sun positions: NREL Solar Position Algorithm. Climate: NASA POWER monthly climatology (NASA Langley Research Center). Forecast: Deutscher Wetterdienst, ICON-EU (CC BY 4.0), processed. Places: GeoNames (CC BY 4.0). Time zones: IANA. Sources and licences.