Limpopo · South Africa · 24.72° S · 31.20° E
Solar position in Thulamahashi
Sun position, daylight and the best solar panel angle for Thulamahashi — computed for 24.72° S, 31.20° E, 488 m above sea level.
The sun right now
Sun in Thulamahashi today
Saturday, 24 October 2026 · local time UTC+2
| Event | Time | Direction / height |
|---|---|---|
| Astronomical dawn | 03:54 | sun 18° below horizon |
| Nautical dawn | 04:22 | 12° below |
| Civil dawn | 04:50 | 6° below |
| Sunrise | 05:13 | 103° ESE |
| Golden hour ends | 05:44 | sun 6° up |
| Solar noon | 11:39 | 77.1° high |
| Golden hour starts | 17:34 | sun 6° up |
| Sunset | 18:05 | 256° WSW |
| Civil dusk | 18:28 | 6° below |
| Nautical dusk | 18:56 | 12° below |
| Astronomical dusk | 19:25 | 18° below |
| Day length | 12 h 52 min | |
Sun path diagram for Thulamahashi
Where the sun stands in the sky: the centre is straight overhead, the outer ring is the horizon. Numbers mark local clock hours.
- June solstice
- Equinox
- December solstice
- Today
On the June solstice the sun reaches 41.9° at solar noon in Thulamahashi; on the December solstice only 88.7°. Sunrise swings from 64° ENE in June to 116° ESE in December — a 52° arc along the horizon.
Sunrise, sunset and sun height by month
Values for the 21st of each month, local clock time including daylight saving time.
| Month | Sunrise | Solar noon | Sunset | Day length | Noon elevation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| January | 05:24 | 12:06 | 18:48 | 13 h 25 min | 85.1° |
| February | 05:45 | 12:08 | 18:31 | 12 h 47 min | 75.8° |
| March | 05:59 | 12:02 | 18:05 | 12 h 06 min | 65.0° |
| April | 06:12 | 11:53 | 17:35 | 11 h 23 min | 53.4° |
| May | 06:26 | 11:51 | 17:16 | 10 h 50 min | 45.1° |
| June | 06:38 | 11:57 | 17:15 | 10 h 36 min | 41.9° |
| July | 06:37 | 12:01 | 17:26 | 10 h 49 min | 44.9° |
| August | 06:17 | 11:58 | 17:39 | 11 h 22 min | 53.2° |
| September | 05:46 | 11:48 | 17:50 | 12 h 05 min | 64.7° |
| October | 05:16 | 11:39 | 18:03 | 12 h 48 min | 76.0° |
| November | 04:58 | 11:41 | 18:23 | 13 h 25 min | 85.2° |
| December | 05:02 | 11:53 | 18:43 | 13 h 41 min | 88.7° |
A year of daylight in Thulamahashi
Each column is one day of 2026. Bright: sun above the horizon; soft: civil twilight; line: solar noon. Steps are daylight saving time changes.
Best solar panel angle in Thulamahashi
Fixed array facing north (azimuth 0°). Energy per kWp from NASA POWER monthly climate, including clouds, temperature and snow reflection.
26°collects the most energy over a year: 1666 kWh per kWp.
25°gives the most in the darkest month — the one an off-grid system is sized for.
- Yearly energy
- Worst-month energy
| Tilt | kWh/kWp per year | Share of best year | December kWh/kWp/day | Best ÷ worst month |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0° | 1515 | 91% | 4.90 | 1.6× |
| 15° | 1637 | 98% | 4.67 | 1.2× |
| 25° off-grid best = latitude | 1665 | 100% | 4.38 | 1.1× |
| 26° year-round best | 1666 | 100% | 4.35 | 1.1× |
| 30° | 1663 | 100% | 4.20 | 1.2× |
| 45° | 1591 | 96% | 3.50 | 1.4× |
| 60° | 1427 | 86% | 2.65 | 1.9× |
| 70° | 1274 | 76% | 2.05 | 2.4× |
| 90° | 903 | 54% | 1.14 | 3.6× |
A fixed array in Thulamahashi produces the most over a year at 26°. The design month for an off-grid system is December: at 25° it makes 4.38 kWh per kWp a day, and costs 0% of the yearly total. Why steep panels win winter.
Off-grid solar in Thulamahashi at 70°
Daily energy of 1 kWp by month. Bars: panels at 70°. Line: panels at 26° (year-round best).
| Month | Sun hours, flat | Sun hours at 70° | kWh/kWp/day at 70° | at 26° | Mean temp. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| January | 6.26 | 2.75 | 2.23 | 4.53 | 24.9 °C |
| February | 6.09 | 3.40 | 2.77 | 4.72 | 24.8 °C |
| March | 5.47 | 4.05 | 3.33 | 4.64 | 23.7 °C |
| April | 4.60 | 4.58 | 3.82 | 4.40 | 21.3 °C |
| May | 4.25 | 5.60 | 4.70 | 4.65 | 19.0 °C |
| June | 3.81 | 5.68 | 4.82 | 4.47 | 16.6 °C |
| July | 4.01 | 5.70 | 4.84 | 4.60 | 16.3 °C |
| August | 4.63 | 5.33 | 4.49 | 4.78 | 18.7 °C |
| September | 5.29 | 4.51 | 3.75 | 4.80 | 21.4 °C |
| October | 5.53 | 3.41 | 2.80 | 4.46 | 23.1 °C |
| November | 5.91 | 2.76 | 2.24 | 4.36 | 24.1 °C |
| December | 6.12 | 2.54 | 2.05 | 4.35 | 24.9 °C |
| Year | 5.16 avg | 4.20 avg | 1274 kWh | 1666 kWh |
Sizing example. To run a 1 kWh-per-day load through December on LiFePO4 batteries (charge controller, battery and inverter losses included) you need about 580 Wp of panels at 70°, versus 270 Wp at 26°. Here the lower tilt is the better winter choice — the sun stays high enough. Size your own system.
Row spacing in Thulamahashi
Distance between rows of 2 m long panels (slope length) so that no row shades the next between 10:00 and 14:00 solar time on the winter solstice.
3.0 mrow pitch at 70°
2.9 mrow pitch at 26°
How Thulamahashi compares in South Africa
Against the other 294 places in South Africa with climate data, for a fixed array at its best angle.
217thof 295 places in South Africa for sunshine, shared: 5.16 peak sun hours a day on flat ground.
−8%solar energy a year compared with the average place in South Africa: 1,666 against 1,806 kWh per kWp.
−7 mindaylight on the longest day, compared with Johannesburg: 13 h 41 min against 13 h 47 min.
26°best year-round tilt here; across South Africa it runs from 24° in Thohoyandou to 32° in East London.
Of the 295 places in South Africa, Upington gets the most sun (6.28 peak sun hours a day) and Port Shepstone the least (4.46); Thulamahashi ranks joint 217th. In its darkest month, December, 1 kWp of off-grid panels at 70° makes 2.05 kWh a day here, against 2.42 kWh on average in South Africa. The shortest day lasts 10 h 36 min, +6 min compared with Johannesburg.
Solar forecast for Thulamahashi, next 48 hours
Expected output of 1 kWp at 70°, computed from the ICON-EU weather model of the Deutscher Wetterdienst (DWD), Europe.
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A free, live card for Thulamahashi: where the sun is right now on today's path, a countdown to sunset or sunrise, the daylight change, the moon phase at night and the best panel angle.
Sun positions: NREL Solar Position Algorithm. Climate: NASA POWER monthly climatology (NASA Langley Research Center). Forecast: Deutscher Wetterdienst, ICON-EU (CC BY 4.0), processed. Places: GeoNames (CC BY 4.0). Time zones: IANA. Sources and licences.