Penang · Malaysia · 5.38° N · 100.38° E
Solar position in Perai
Sun position, daylight and the best solar panel angle for Perai — computed for 5.38° N, 100.38° E, 5 m above sea level.
The sun right now
Sun in Perai today
Sunday, 25 October 2026 · local time UTC+8
| Event | Time | Direction / height |
|---|---|---|
| Astronomical dawn | 05:53 | sun 18° below horizon |
| Nautical dawn | 06:18 | 12° below |
| Civil dawn | 06:42 | 6° below |
| Sunrise | 07:03 | 102° ESE |
| Golden hour ends | 07:31 | sun 6° up |
| Solar noon | 13:02 | 72.5° high |
| Golden hour starts | 18:33 | sun 6° up |
| Sunset | 19:01 | 258° WSW |
| Civil dusk | 19:22 | 6° below |
| Nautical dusk | 19:47 | 12° below |
| Astronomical dusk | 20:11 | 18° below |
| Day length | 11 h 58 min | |
Sun path diagram for Perai
Where the sun stands in the sky: the centre is straight overhead, the outer ring is the horizon. Numbers mark local clock hours.
- June solstice
- Equinox
- December solstice
- Today
On the June solstice the sun reaches 72.0° at solar noon in Perai; on the December solstice only 61.2°. Sunrise swings from 66° ENE in June to 113° ESE in December — a 47° arc along the horizon.
Sunrise, sunset and sun height by month
Values for the 21st of each month, local clock time including daylight saving time.
| Month | Sunrise | Solar noon | Sunset | Day length | Noon elevation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| January | 07:33 | 13:29 | 19:25 | 11 h 52 min | 64.7° |
| February | 07:32 | 13:32 | 19:31 | 11 h 59 min | 74.1° |
| March | 07:22 | 13:25 | 19:29 | 12 h 07 min | 84.9° |
| April | 07:09 | 13:17 | 19:25 | 12 h 16 min | 83.5° |
| May | 07:03 | 13:15 | 19:26 | 12 h 23 min | 75.2° |
| June | 07:07 | 13:20 | 19:33 | 12 h 26 min | 72.0° |
| July | 07:13 | 13:24 | 19:36 | 12 h 23 min | 74.9° |
| August | 07:13 | 13:21 | 19:29 | 12 h 16 min | 83.3° |
| September | 07:08 | 13:11 | 19:15 | 12 h 07 min | 85.3° |
| October | 07:03 | 13:03 | 19:02 | 11 h 59 min | 73.9° |
| November | 07:08 | 13:04 | 19:00 | 11 h 52 min | 64.7° |
| December | 07:21 | 13:16 | 19:10 | 11 h 49 min | 61.2° |
A year of daylight in Perai
Each column is one day of 2026. Bright: sun above the horizon; soft: civil twilight; line: solar noon. Steps are daylight saving time changes.
Best solar panel angle in Perai
Fixed array facing south (azimuth 180°). Energy per kWp from NASA POWER monthly climate, including clouds, temperature and snow reflection.
5°collects the most energy over a year: 1459 kWh per kWp.
7°gives the most in the darkest month — the one an off-grid system is sized for.
- Yearly energy
- Worst-month energy
| Tilt | kWh/kWp per year | Share of best year | November kWh/kWp/day | Best ÷ worst month |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0° | 1454 | 100% | 3.61 | 1.3× |
| 5° year-round best = latitude | 1459 | 100% | 3.71 | 1.3× |
| 7° off-grid best | 1458 | 100% | 3.74 | 1.3× |
| 15° | 1442 | 99% | 3.83 | 1.3× |
| 30° | 1355 | 93% | 3.85 | 1.6× |
| 45° | 1198 | 82% | 3.67 | 1.9× |
| 60° | 984 | 67% | 3.30 | 2.5× |
| 70° | 828 | 57% | 2.96 | 2.9× |
| 90° | 571 | 39% | 2.10 | 2.4× |
A fixed array in Perai produces the most over a year at 5°. The design month for an off-grid system is November: at 7° it makes 3.74 kWh per kWp a day, and costs 0% of the yearly total. Why steep panels win winter.
Off-grid solar in Perai at 70°
Daily energy of 1 kWp by month. Bars: panels at 70°. Line: panels at 5° (year-round best).
| Month | Sun hours, flat | Sun hours at 70° | kWh/kWp/day at 70° | at 5° | Mean temp. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| January | 5.06 | 4.36 | 3.55 | 4.14 | 27.0 °C |
| February | 5.74 | 4.17 | 3.39 | 4.64 | 27.5 °C |
| March | 5.77 | 3.24 | 2.60 | 4.58 | 28.0 °C |
| April | 5.53 | 2.22 | 1.76 | 4.32 | 28.4 °C |
| May | 5.09 | 1.69 | 1.32 | 3.92 | 28.5 °C |
| June | 5.02 | 1.56 | 1.21 | 3.84 | 28.3 °C |
| July | 4.97 | 1.58 | 1.23 | 3.82 | 28.0 °C |
| August | 4.95 | 1.92 | 1.52 | 3.85 | 27.9 °C |
| September | 4.73 | 2.49 | 1.99 | 3.73 | 27.6 °C |
| October | 4.68 | 3.11 | 2.51 | 3.74 | 27.4 °C |
| November | 4.58 | 3.66 | 2.96 | 3.71 | 27.4 °C |
| December | 4.56 | 4.01 | 3.26 | 3.72 | 27.1 °C |
| Year | 5.05 avg | 2.83 avg | 828 kWh | 1459 kWh |
Sizing example. To run a 1 kWh-per-day load through June on LiFePO4 batteries (charge controller, battery and inverter losses included) you need about 970 Wp of panels at 70°, versus 320 Wp at 5°. Here the lower tilt is the better winter choice — the sun stays high enough. Size your own system.
Row spacing in Perai
Distance between rows of 2 m long panels (slope length) so that no row shades the next between 10:00 and 14:00 solar time on the winter solstice.
1.9 mrow pitch at 70°
2.1 mrow pitch at 5°
How Perai compares in Malaysia
Against the other 349 places in Malaysia with climate data, for a fixed array at its best angle.
41stof 350 places in Malaysia for sunshine, shared: 5.05 peak sun hours a day on flat ground.
+3%solar energy a year compared with the average place in Malaysia: 1,459 against 1,411 kWh per kWp.
+8 mindaylight on the longest day, compared with Kuala Lumpur: 12 h 26 min against 12 h 18 min.
5°best year-round tilt here; across Malaysia it runs from 0° in Kuching to 7° in Kangar.
Of the 350 places in Malaysia, Kuala Penyu gets the most sun (5.27 peak sun hours a day) and Pekan Nenas and 3 other places the least (4.60); Perai ranks joint 41st. In its darkest month, June, 1 kWp of off-grid panels at 70° makes 1.21 kWh a day here, against 1.18 kWh on average in Malaysia. The shortest day lasts 11 h 49 min, −8 min compared with Kuala Lumpur.
Solar forecast for Perai, next 48 hours
Expected output of 1 kWp at 70°, computed from the ICON-EU weather model of the Deutscher Wetterdienst (DWD), Europe.
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Questions about the sun in Perai
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Places near Perai
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A free, live card for Perai: where the sun is right now on today's path, a countdown to sunset or sunrise, the daylight change, the moon phase at night and the best panel angle.
Sun positions: NREL Solar Position Algorithm. Climate: NASA POWER monthly climatology (NASA Langley Research Center). Forecast: Deutscher Wetterdienst, ICON-EU (CC BY 4.0), processed. Places: GeoNames (CC BY 4.0). Time zones: IANA. Sources and licences.