Hawaii · United States · 21.32° N · 157.83° W
Solar position in Makiki / Lower Punchbowl / Tantalus
Sun position, daylight and the best solar panel angle for Makiki / Lower Punchbowl / Tantalus — computed for 21.32° N, 157.83° W, 226 m above sea level.
The sun right now
Sun in Makiki / Lower Punchbowl / Tantalus today
Saturday, 24 October 2026 · local time UTC−10
| Event | Time | Direction / height |
|---|---|---|
| Astronomical dawn | 05:16 | sun 18° below horizon |
| Nautical dawn | 05:41 | 12° below |
| Civil dawn | 06:08 | 6° below |
| Sunrise | 06:30 | 102° ESE |
| Golden hour ends | 07:00 | sun 6° up |
| Solar noon | 12:15 | 56.7° high |
| Golden hour starts | 17:29 | sun 6° up |
| Sunset | 17:59 | 257° WSW |
| Civil dusk | 18:22 | 6° below |
| Nautical dusk | 18:48 | 12° below |
| Astronomical dusk | 19:14 | 18° below |
| Day length | 11 h 29 min | |
Sun path diagram for Makiki / Lower Punchbowl / Tantalus
Where the sun stands in the sky: the centre is straight overhead, the outer ring is the horizon. Numbers mark local clock hours.
- June solstice
- Equinox
- December solstice
- Today
On the June solstice the sun reaches 87.9° at solar noon in Makiki / Lower Punchbowl / Tantalus; on the December solstice only 45.3°. Sunrise swings from 64° ENE in June to 115° ESE in December — a 51° arc along the horizon.
Sunrise, sunset and sun height by month
Values for the 21st of each month, local clock time including daylight saving time.
| Month | Sunrise | Solar noon | Sunset | Day length | Noon elevation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| January | 07:11 | 12:42 | 18:14 | 11 h 03 min | 49.0° |
| February | 06:57 | 12:44 | 18:32 | 11 h 35 min | 58.4° |
| March | 06:34 | 12:38 | 18:42 | 12 h 09 min | 69.2° |
| April | 06:07 | 12:29 | 18:52 | 12 h 46 min | 80.8° |
| May | 05:50 | 12:27 | 19:05 | 13 h 14 min | 89.0° |
| June | 05:50 | 12:33 | 19:16 | 13 h 26 min | 87.9° |
| July | 06:00 | 12:37 | 19:14 | 13 h 14 min | 89.0° |
| August | 06:11 | 12:34 | 18:56 | 12 h 45 min | 80.5° |
| September | 06:19 | 12:24 | 18:28 | 12 h 08 min | 69.1° |
| October | 06:29 | 12:15 | 18:02 | 11 h 33 min | 57.7° |
| November | 06:46 | 12:17 | 17:48 | 11 h 02 min | 48.6° |
| December | 07:04 | 12:29 | 17:54 | 10 h 50 min | 45.3° |
A year of daylight in Makiki / Lower Punchbowl / Tantalus
Each column is one day of 2026. Bright: sun above the horizon; soft: civil twilight; line: solar noon. Steps are daylight saving time changes.
Best solar panel angle in Makiki / Lower Punchbowl / Tantalus
Fixed array facing south (azimuth 180°). Energy per kWp from NASA POWER monthly climate, including clouds, temperature and snow reflection.
18°collects the most energy over a year: 1761 kWh per kWp.
32°gives the most in the darkest month — the one an off-grid system is sized for.
- Yearly energy
- Worst-month energy
| Tilt | kWh/kWp per year | Share of best year | December kWh/kWp/day | Best ÷ worst month |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0° | 1681 | 95% | 3.18 | 1.8× |
| 15° | 1758 | 100% | 3.91 | 1.4× |
| 18° year-round best | 1761 | 100% | 4.03 | 1.3× |
| 21° = latitude | 1759 | 100% | 4.14 | 1.3× |
| 30° | 1730 | 98% | 4.40 | 1.2× |
| 32° off-grid best | 1719 | 98% | 4.45 | 1.1× |
| 45° | 1601 | 91% | 4.62 | 1.3× |
| 60° | 1382 | 79% | 4.55 | 1.9× |
| 70° | 1196 | 68% | 4.35 | 2.5× |
| 90° | 799 | 45% | 3.60 | 3.9× |
A fixed array in Makiki / Lower Punchbowl / Tantalus produces the most over a year at 18°. The design month for an off-grid system is December: at 32° it makes 4.45 kWh per kWp a day, 10% more than at 18°, and costs 2% of the yearly total. Why steep panels win winter.
Off-grid solar in Makiki / Lower Punchbowl / Tantalus at 70°
Daily energy of 1 kWp by month. Bars: panels at 70°. Line: panels at 18° (year-round best).
| Month | Sun hours, flat | Sun hours at 70° | kWh/kWp/day at 70° | at 18° | Mean temp. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| January | 4.38 | 5.48 | 4.52 | 4.32 | 23.5 °C |
| February | 4.97 | 4.97 | 4.11 | 4.58 | 23.1 °C |
| March | 5.60 | 4.30 | 3.55 | 4.81 | 23.2 °C |
| April | 6.41 | 3.50 | 2.87 | 5.13 | 23.8 °C |
| May | 6.89 | 2.64 | 2.14 | 5.19 | 24.6 °C |
| June | 7.14 | 2.23 | 1.79 | 5.18 | 25.4 °C |
| July | 7.06 | 2.37 | 1.90 | 5.18 | 25.9 °C |
| August | 6.80 | 3.10 | 2.51 | 5.24 | 26.3 °C |
| September | 6.31 | 4.22 | 3.44 | 5.23 | 26.5 °C |
| October | 5.29 | 4.84 | 3.95 | 4.71 | 26.1 °C |
| November | 4.46 | 5.17 | 4.24 | 4.26 | 25.3 °C |
| December | 4.04 | 5.29 | 4.35 | 4.03 | 24.2 °C |
| Year | 5.78 avg | 4.00 avg | 1196 kWh | 1761 kWh |
Sizing example. To run a 1 kWh-per-day load through June on LiFePO4 batteries (charge controller, battery and inverter losses included) you need about 660 Wp of panels at 70°, versus 290 Wp at 18°. Here the lower tilt is the better winter choice — the sun stays high enough. Size your own system.
Row spacing in Makiki / Lower Punchbowl / Tantalus
Distance between rows of 2 m long panels (slope length) so that no row shades the next between 10:00 and 14:00 solar time on the winter solstice.
2.8 mrow pitch at 70°
2.6 mrow pitch at 18°
How Makiki / Lower Punchbowl / Tantalus compares in the United States
Against the other 3,120 places in the United States with climate data, for a fixed array at its best angle.
84thof 3,121 places in the United States for sunshine, shared: 5.78 peak sun hours a day on flat ground.
+16%solar energy a year compared with the average place in the United States: 1,761 against 1,515 kWh per kWp.
−1 h 40 mindaylight on the longest day, compared with New York City: 13 h 26 min against 15 h 06 min.
18°best year-round tilt here; across the United States it runs from 18° in Honolulu to 53° in Fairbanks.
Of the 3,121 places in the United States, Fortuna Foothills and 2 other places get the most sun (5.96 peak sun hours a day) and Juneau the least (2.38); Makiki / Lower Punchbowl / Tantalus ranks joint 84th. In its darkest month, June, 1 kWp of off-grid panels at 70° makes 1.79 kWh a day here, against 2.55 kWh on average in the United States. The shortest day lasts 10 h 50 min, +1 h 35 min compared with New York City.
Solar forecast for Makiki / Lower Punchbowl / Tantalus, next 48 hours
Expected output of 1 kWp at 70°, computed from the ICON-EU weather model of the Deutscher Wetterdienst (DWD), Europe.
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Places near Makiki / Lower Punchbowl / Tantalus
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A free, live card for Makiki / Lower Punchbowl / Tantalus: where the sun is right now on today's path, a countdown to sunset or sunrise, the daylight change, the moon phase at night and the best panel angle.
Sun positions: NREL Solar Position Algorithm. Climate: NASA POWER monthly climatology (NASA Langley Research Center). Forecast: Deutscher Wetterdienst, ICON-EU (CC BY 4.0), processed. Places: GeoNames (CC BY 4.0). Time zones: IANA. Sources and licences.