Ardabil Province · Iran · 37.62° N · 48.53° E
Solar position in Khalkhāl
Sun position, daylight and the best solar panel angle for Khalkhāl — computed for 37.62° N, 48.53° E, 1795 m above sea level.
The sun right now
Sun in Khalkhāl today
Saturday, 24 October 2026 · local time UTC+3:30
| Event | Time | Direction / height |
|---|---|---|
| Astronomical dawn | 05:04 | sun 18° below horizon |
| Nautical dawn | 05:35 | 12° below |
| Civil dawn | 06:05 | 6° below |
| Sunrise | 06:32 | 104° ESE |
| Golden hour ends | 07:08 | sun 6° up |
| Solar noon | 11:59 | 40.6° high |
| Golden hour starts | 16:50 | sun 6° up |
| Sunset | 17:27 | 256° WSW |
| Civil dusk | 17:53 | 6° below |
| Nautical dusk | 18:24 | 12° below |
| Astronomical dusk | 18:54 | 18° below |
| Day length | 10 h 54 min | |
Sun path diagram for Khalkhāl
Where the sun stands in the sky: the centre is straight overhead, the outer ring is the horizon. Numbers mark local clock hours.
- June solstice
- Equinox
- December solstice
- Today
On the June solstice the sun reaches 75.8° at solar noon in Khalkhāl; on the December solstice only 29.0°. Sunrise swings from 59° ENE in June to 119° ESE in December — a 60° arc along the horizon.
Sunrise, sunset and sun height by month
Values for the 21st of each month, local clock time including daylight saving time.
| Month | Sunrise | Solar noon | Sunset | Day length | Noon elevation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| January | 07:27 | 12:27 | 17:27 | 10 h 00 min | 32.5° |
| February | 06:58 | 12:29 | 18:01 | 11 h 03 min | 41.9° |
| March | 06:18 | 12:23 | 18:28 | 12 h 10 min | 52.7° |
| April | 05:33 | 12:14 | 18:56 | 13 h 23 min | 64.3° |
| May | 05:02 | 12:12 | 19:23 | 14 h 21 min | 72.6° |
| June | 04:54 | 12:17 | 19:40 | 14 h 46 min | 75.8° |
| July | 05:10 | 12:22 | 19:33 | 14 h 23 min | 72.8° |
| August | 05:36 | 12:18 | 19:00 | 13 h 24 min | 64.4° |
| September | 06:02 | 12:08 | 18:14 | 12 h 12 min | 53.0° |
| October | 06:29 | 12:00 | 17:30 | 11 h 01 min | 41.6° |
| November | 07:01 | 12:01 | 17:01 | 9 h 59 min | 32.5° |
| December | 07:27 | 12:13 | 17:00 | 9 h 34 min | 29.0° |
A year of daylight in Khalkhāl
Each column is one day of 2026. Bright: sun above the horizon; soft: civil twilight; line: solar noon. Steps are daylight saving time changes.
Best solar panel angle in Khalkhāl
Fixed array facing south (azimuth 180°). Energy per kWp from NASA POWER monthly climate, including clouds, temperature and snow reflection.
30°collects the most energy over a year: 1538 kWh per kWp.
61°gives the most in the darkest month — the one an off-grid system is sized for.
- Yearly energy
- Worst-month energy
| Tilt | kWh/kWp per year | Share of best year | December kWh/kWp/day | Best ÷ worst month |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0° | 1364 | 89% | 1.63 | 3.7× |
| 15° | 1493 | 97% | 2.23 | 2.7× |
| 30° year-round best | 1538 | 100% | 2.69 | 2.1× |
| 38° = latitude | 1526 | 99% | 2.87 | 1.8× |
| 45° | 1496 | 97% | 2.99 | 1.7× |
| 60° | 1370 | 89% | 3.10 | 1.4× |
| 61° off-grid best | 1359 | 88% | 3.10 | 1.4× |
| 70° | 1245 | 81% | 3.06 | 1.3× |
| 90° | 918 | 60% | 2.75 | 1.8× |
A fixed array in Khalkhāl produces the most over a year at 30°. The design month for an off-grid system is December: at 61° it makes 3.10 kWh per kWp a day, 15% more than at 30°, and costs 12% of the yearly total. Why steep panels win winter.
Off-grid solar in Khalkhāl at 70°
Daily energy of 1 kWp by month. Bars: panels at 70°. Line: panels at 30° (year-round best).
| Month | Sun hours, flat | Sun hours at 70° | kWh/kWp/day at 70° | at 30° | Mean temp. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| January snow | 2.22 | 3.61 | 3.28 | 2.90 | -0.9 °C |
| February | 2.95 | 3.69 | 3.33 | 3.37 | 0.5 °C |
| March | 3.86 | 3.87 | 3.42 | 3.92 | 5.0 °C |
| April | 4.86 | 3.73 | 3.24 | 4.34 | 9.6 °C |
| May | 6.23 | 3.80 | 3.22 | 5.01 | 15.3 °C |
| June | 7.36 | 3.83 | 3.19 | 5.52 | 19.6 °C |
| July | 7.07 | 3.91 | 3.24 | 5.38 | 21.5 °C |
| August | 6.52 | 4.45 | 3.70 | 5.39 | 21.3 °C |
| September | 5.19 | 4.83 | 4.08 | 4.92 | 18.0 °C |
| October | 3.63 | 4.45 | 3.84 | 3.98 | 12.7 °C |
| November | 2.43 | 3.79 | 3.36 | 3.10 | 5.2 °C |
| December | 1.98 | 3.40 | 3.06 | 2.69 | 0.8 °C |
| Year | 4.53 avg | 3.95 avg | 1245 kWh | 1538 kWh |
Sizing example. To run a 1 kWh-per-day load through December on LiFePO4 batteries (charge controller, battery and inverter losses included) you need about 390 Wp of panels at 70°, versus 440 Wp at 30°. The steep array is 12% smaller for the same winter. Size your own system.
Row spacing in Khalkhāl
Distance between rows of 2 m long panels (slope length) so that no row shades the next between 10:00 and 14:00 solar time on the winter solstice.
4.6 mrow pitch at 70°
3.8 mrow pitch at 30°
How Khalkhāl compares in Iran
Against the other 422 places in Iran with climate data, for a fixed array at its best angle.
386thof 423 places in Iran for sunshine, shared: 4.53 peak sun hours a day on flat ground.
−13%solar energy a year compared with the average place in Iran: 1,538 against 1,760 kWh per kWp.
+11 mindaylight on the longest day, compared with Tehran: 14 h 46 min against 14 h 35 min.
30°best year-round tilt here; across Iran it runs from 24° in Kīsh to 33° in Khūy.
Of the 423 places in Iran, Jālq gets the most sun (6.10 peak sun hours a day) and Bandar-e Anzalī the least (3.92); Khalkhāl ranks joint 386th. In its darkest month, December, 1 kWp of off-grid panels at 70° makes 3.06 kWh a day here, against 2.96 kWh on average in Iran. The shortest day lasts 9 h 34 min, −11 min compared with Tehran.
Solar forecast for Khalkhāl, next 48 hours
Expected output of 1 kWp at 70°, computed from the ICON-EU weather model of the Deutscher Wetterdienst (DWD), Europe.
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Questions about the sun in Khalkhāl
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A free, live card for Khalkhāl: where the sun is right now on today's path, a countdown to sunset or sunrise, the daylight change, the moon phase at night and the best panel angle.
Sun positions: NREL Solar Position Algorithm. Climate: NASA POWER monthly climatology (NASA Langley Research Center). Forecast: Deutscher Wetterdienst, ICON-EU (CC BY 4.0), processed. Places: GeoNames (CC BY 4.0). Time zones: IANA. Sources and licences.