Kaluga Oblast · Russia · 54.53° N · 36.27° E
Solar position in Kaluga
Sun position, daylight and the best solar panel angle for Kaluga — computed for 54.53° N, 36.27° E, 208 m above sea level.
The sun right now
Sun in Kaluga today
Saturday, 24 October 2026 · local time UTC+3
| Event | Time | Direction / height |
|---|---|---|
| Astronomical dawn | 05:20 | sun 18° below horizon |
| Nautical dawn | 06:02 | 12° below |
| Civil dawn | 06:43 | 6° below |
| Sunrise | 07:20 | 109° ESE |
| Golden hour ends | 08:12 | sun 6° up |
| Solar noon | 12:18 | 23.7° high |
| Golden hour starts | 16:24 | sun 6° up |
| Sunset | 17:16 | 250° WSW |
| Civil dusk | 17:53 | 6° below |
| Nautical dusk | 18:35 | 12° below |
| Astronomical dusk | 19:16 | 18° below |
| Day length | 9 h 56 min | |
Sun path diagram for Kaluga
Where the sun stands in the sky: the centre is straight overhead, the outer ring is the horizon. Numbers mark local clock hours.
- June solstice
- Equinox
- December solstice
- Today
On the June solstice the sun reaches 58.9° at solar noon in Kaluga; on the December solstice only 12.1°. Sunrise swings from 45° NE in June to 132° SE in December — a 87° arc along the horizon.
Sunrise, sunset and sun height by month
Values for the 21st of each month, local clock time including daylight saving time.
| Month | Sunrise | Solar noon | Sunset | Day length | Noon elevation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| January | 08:41 | 12:46 | 16:51 | 8 h 10 min | 15.7° |
| February | 07:43 | 12:48 | 17:54 | 10 h 12 min | 25.0° |
| March | 06:35 | 12:42 | 18:50 | 12 h 15 min | 35.8° |
| April | 05:19 | 12:33 | 19:49 | 14 h 30 min | 47.4° |
| May | 04:20 | 12:31 | 20:43 | 16 h 24 min | 55.7° |
| June | 03:58 | 12:36 | 21:14 | 17 h 16 min | 58.9° |
| July | 04:27 | 12:41 | 20:54 | 16 h 27 min | 55.9° |
| August | 05:21 | 12:37 | 19:53 | 14 h 32 min | 47.5° |
| September | 06:18 | 12:27 | 18:36 | 12 h 18 min | 36.1° |
| October | 07:15 | 12:19 | 17:23 | 10 h 08 min | 24.7° |
| November | 08:15 | 12:20 | 16:25 | 8 h 09 min | 15.6° |
| December | 08:54 | 12:32 | 16:10 | 7 h 16 min | 12.1° |
A year of daylight in Kaluga
Each column is one day of 2026. Bright: sun above the horizon; soft: civil twilight; line: solar noon. Steps are daylight saving time changes.
Best solar panel angle in Kaluga
Fixed array facing south (azimuth 180°). Energy per kWp from NASA POWER monthly climate, including clouds, temperature and snow reflection.
42°collects the most energy over a year: 1124 kWh per kWp.
79°gives the most in the darkest month — the one an off-grid system is sized for.
- Yearly energy
- Worst-month energy
| Tilt | kWh/kWp per year | Share of best year | December kWh/kWp/day | Best ÷ worst month |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0° | 889 | 79% | 0.30 | 15.8× |
| 15° | 1024 | 91% | 0.50 | 9.9× |
| 30° | 1104 | 98% | 0.68 | 7.2× |
| 42° year-round best | 1124 | 100% | 0.79 | 5.9× |
| 45° | 1123 | 100% | 0.82 | 5.6× |
| 55° = latitude | 1101 | 98% | 0.89 | 4.9× |
| 60° | 1081 | 96% | 0.92 | 4.5× |
| 70° | 1020 | 91% | 0.95 | 4.3× |
| 79° off-grid best | 946 | 84% | 0.96 | 4.2× |
| 90° | 832 | 74% | 0.95 | 4.0× |
A fixed array in Kaluga produces the most over a year at 42°. The design month for an off-grid system is December: at 79° it makes 0.96 kWh per kWp a day, 22% more than at 42°, and costs 16% of the yearly total. Why steep panels win winter.
Off-grid solar in Kaluga at 70°
Daily energy of 1 kWp by month. Bars: panels at 70°. Line: panels at 42° (year-round best).
| Month | Sun hours, flat | Sun hours at 70° | kWh/kWp/day at 70° | at 42° | Mean temp. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| January snow | 0.66 | 1.69 | 1.57 | 1.32 | -10.0 °C |
| February snow | 1.53 | 2.91 | 2.71 | 2.44 | -8.9 °C |
| March snow | 2.98 | 4.51 | 4.12 | 3.97 | -3.4 °C |
| April | 3.97 | 4.08 | 3.60 | 4.10 | 5.0 °C |
| May | 5.31 | 4.38 | 3.74 | 4.68 | 13.2 °C |
| June | 5.73 | 4.23 | 3.56 | 4.65 | 16.4 °C |
| July | 5.49 | 4.24 | 3.54 | 4.53 | 19.1 °C |
| August | 4.53 | 4.25 | 3.57 | 4.24 | 17.6 °C |
| September | 2.94 | 3.62 | 3.12 | 3.32 | 12.0 °C |
| October | 1.41 | 2.21 | 1.93 | 1.89 | 4.9 °C |
| November snow | 0.59 | 1.27 | 1.12 | 0.99 | -1.5 °C |
| December snow | 0.40 | 1.06 | 0.95 | 0.79 | -7.0 °C |
| Year | 2.97 avg | 3.21 avg | 1020 kWh | 1124 kWh |
Sizing example. To run a 1 kWh-per-day load through December on LiFePO4 batteries (charge controller, battery and inverter losses included) you need about 1,240 Wp of panels at 70°, versus 1,490 Wp at 42°. The steep array is 17% smaller for the same winter. Size your own system.
Row spacing in Kaluga
Distance between rows of 2 m long panels (slope length) so that no row shades the next between 10:00 and 14:00 solar time on the winter solstice.
12.7 mrow pitch at 70°
10.1 mrow pitch at 42°
How Kaluga compares in Russia
Against the other 979 places in Russia with climate data, for a fixed array at its best angle.
557thof 980 places in Russia for sunshine, shared: 2.97 peak sun hours a day on flat ground.
−6%solar energy a year compared with the average place in Russia: 1,124 against 1,196 kWh per kWp.
−18 mindaylight on the longest day, compared with Moscow: 17 h 16 min against 17 h 34 min.
42°best year-round tilt here; across Russia it runs from 32° in Derbent to 54° in Yakutsk.
Of the 980 places in Russia, Novorossiysk gets the most sun (3.96 peak sun hours a day) and Polyarnyy the least (1.93); Kaluga ranks joint 557th. In its darkest month, December, 1 kWp of off-grid panels at 70° makes 0.95 kWh a day here, against 1.31 kWh on average in Russia. The shortest day lasts 7 h 16 min, +16 min compared with Moscow.
Solar forecast for Kaluga, next 48 hours
Expected output of 1 kWp at 70°, computed from the ICON-EU weather model of the Deutscher Wetterdienst (DWD), Europe.
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Questions about the sun in Kaluga
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Places near Kaluga
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A free, live card for Kaluga: where the sun is right now on today's path, a countdown to sunset or sunrise, the daylight change, the moon phase at night and the best panel angle.
Sun positions: NREL Solar Position Algorithm. Climate: NASA POWER monthly climatology (NASA Langley Research Center). Forecast: Deutscher Wetterdienst, ICON-EU (CC BY 4.0), processed. Places: GeoNames (CC BY 4.0). Time zones: IANA. Sources and licences.