Iraq · 35.18° N · 45.99° E
Solar position in Halabja
Sun position, daylight and the best solar panel angle for Halabja — computed for 35.18° N, 45.99° E, 711 m above sea level.
The sun right now
Sun in Halabja today
Saturday, 24 October 2026 · local time UTC+3
| Event | Time | Direction / height |
|---|---|---|
| Astronomical dawn | 04:44 | sun 18° below horizon |
| Nautical dawn | 05:14 | 12° below |
| Civil dawn | 05:43 | 6° below |
| Sunrise | 06:09 | 104° ESE |
| Golden hour ends | 06:44 | sun 6° up |
| Solar noon | 11:40 | 43.0° high |
| Golden hour starts | 16:35 | sun 6° up |
| Sunset | 17:10 | 256° WSW |
| Civil dusk | 17:36 | 6° below |
| Nautical dusk | 18:05 | 12° below |
| Astronomical dusk | 18:35 | 18° below |
| Day length | 11 h 01 min | |
Sun path diagram for Halabja
Where the sun stands in the sky: the centre is straight overhead, the outer ring is the horizon. Numbers mark local clock hours.
- June solstice
- Equinox
- December solstice
- Today
On the June solstice the sun reaches 78.3° at solar noon in Halabja; on the December solstice only 31.4°. Sunrise swings from 60° ENE in June to 118° ESE in December — a 58° arc along the horizon.
Sunrise, sunset and sun height by month
Values for the 21st of each month, local clock time including daylight saving time.
| Month | Sunrise | Solar noon | Sunset | Day length | Noon elevation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| January | 07:01 | 12:07 | 17:12 | 10 h 11 min | 35.0° |
| February | 06:35 | 12:09 | 17:44 | 11 h 08 min | 44.3° |
| March | 05:58 | 12:03 | 18:08 | 12 h 10 min | 55.1° |
| April | 05:16 | 11:54 | 18:33 | 13 h 17 min | 66.7° |
| May | 04:48 | 11:52 | 18:57 | 14 h 09 min | 75.0° |
| June | 04:41 | 11:57 | 19:13 | 14 h 32 min | 78.3° |
| July | 04:56 | 12:02 | 19:07 | 14 h 11 min | 75.3° |
| August | 05:20 | 11:59 | 18:37 | 13 h 18 min | 66.9° |
| September | 05:43 | 11:49 | 17:54 | 12 h 12 min | 55.5° |
| October | 06:07 | 11:40 | 17:13 | 11 h 07 min | 44.1° |
| November | 06:36 | 11:41 | 16:46 | 10 h 10 min | 34.9° |
| December | 07:00 | 11:54 | 16:47 | 9 h 47 min | 31.4° |
A year of daylight in Halabja
Each column is one day of 2026. Bright: sun above the horizon; soft: civil twilight; line: solar noon. Steps are daylight saving time changes.
Best solar panel angle in Halabja
Fixed array facing south (azimuth 180°). Energy per kWp from NASA POWER monthly climate, including clouds, temperature and snow reflection.
30°collects the most energy over a year: 1747 kWh per kWp.
60°gives the most in the darkest month — the one an off-grid system is sized for.
- Yearly energy
- Worst-month energy
| Tilt | kWh/kWp per year | Share of best year | December kWh/kWp/day | Best ÷ worst month |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0° | 1550 | 89% | 2.00 | 3.3× |
| 15° | 1699 | 97% | 2.73 | 2.4× |
| 30° year-round best | 1747 | 100% | 3.29 | 1.8× |
| 35° = latitude | 1740 | 100% | 3.44 | 1.7× |
| 45° | 1693 | 97% | 3.65 | 1.5× |
| 60° off-grid best | 1542 | 88% | 3.77 | 1.3× |
| 70° | 1392 | 80% | 3.72 | 1.4× |
| 90° | 1005 | 58% | 3.32 | 2.4× |
A fixed array in Halabja produces the most over a year at 30°. The design month for an off-grid system is December: at 60° it makes 3.77 kWh per kWp a day, 15% more than at 30°, and costs 12% of the yearly total. Why steep panels win winter.
Off-grid solar in Halabja at 70°
Daily energy of 1 kWp by month. Bars: panels at 70°. Line: panels at 30° (year-round best).
| Month | Sun hours, flat | Sun hours at 70° | kWh/kWp/day at 70° | at 30° | Mean temp. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| January | 2.64 | 4.15 | 3.72 | 3.42 | 2.1 °C |
| February | 3.49 | 4.41 | 3.93 | 4.01 | 3.7 °C |
| March | 4.65 | 4.64 | 4.06 | 4.70 | 8.2 °C |
| April | 5.67 | 4.20 | 3.60 | 4.96 | 13.3 °C |
| May | 6.97 | 3.99 | 3.32 | 5.44 | 19.5 °C |
| June | 8.31 | 3.90 | 3.17 | 5.93 | 25.9 °C |
| July | 7.86 | 4.03 | 3.23 | 5.69 | 29.5 °C |
| August | 7.25 | 4.70 | 3.78 | 5.72 | 29.0 °C |
| September | 6.17 | 5.58 | 4.58 | 5.66 | 24.3 °C |
| October | 4.36 | 5.28 | 4.45 | 4.68 | 17.9 °C |
| November | 3.06 | 4.82 | 4.22 | 3.90 | 8.8 °C |
| December | 2.42 | 4.18 | 3.72 | 3.29 | 4.0 °C |
| Year | 5.25 avg | 4.49 avg | 1392 kWh | 1747 kWh |
Sizing example. To run a 1 kWh-per-day load through June on LiFePO4 batteries (charge controller, battery and inverter losses included) you need about 370 Wp of panels at 70°, versus 360 Wp at 30°. Here the lower tilt is the better winter choice — the sun stays high enough. Size your own system.
Row spacing in Halabja
Distance between rows of 2 m long panels (slope length) so that no row shades the next between 10:00 and 14:00 solar time on the winter solstice.
4.2 mrow pitch at 70°
3.6 mrow pitch at 30°
How Halabja compares in Iraq
Against the other 100 places in Iraq with climate data, for a fixed array at its best angle.
67thof 101 places in Iraq for sunshine: 5.25 peak sun hours a day on flat ground.
+1%solar energy a year compared with the average place in Iraq: 1,747 against 1,733 kWh per kWp.
+10 mindaylight on the longest day, compared with Baghdad: 14 h 32 min against 14 h 22 min.
30°best year-round tilt here; across Iraq it runs from 26° in Al Fāw to 31° in Mosul.
Of the 101 places in Iraq, Basrah and 2 other places get the most sun (5.64 peak sun hours a day) and Dêrelûk Devera Nihêliya the least (4.99); Halabja ranks 67th. In its darkest month, June, 1 kWp of off-grid panels at 70° makes 3.17 kWh a day here, against 2.99 kWh on average in Iraq. The shortest day lasts 9 h 47 min, −10 min compared with Baghdad.
Solar forecast for Halabja, next 48 hours
Expected output of 1 kWp at 70°, computed from the ICON-EU weather model of the Deutscher Wetterdienst (DWD), Europe.
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Questions about the sun in Halabja
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A free, live card for Halabja: where the sun is right now on today's path, a countdown to sunset or sunrise, the daylight change, the moon phase at night and the best panel angle.
Sun positions: NREL Solar Position Algorithm. Climate: NASA POWER monthly climatology (NASA Langley Research Center). Forecast: Deutscher Wetterdienst, ICON-EU (CC BY 4.0), processed. Places: GeoNames (CC BY 4.0). Time zones: IANA. Sources and licences.